3D models of Homo sapiens (top two images) and Homo neanderthalensis (bottom two images) crania for visual comparison. The human model was created from DICOM files of an anonymized volunteer patient ...

Significant brain defects known as Chiari malformations could be down to the genes some of us have inherited from Neanderthals, according to a new study, causing a mismatch between brain shape and ...

A physician introduces a provocative theory linking informational overload and evolutionary mismatch to modern disease ...

A new Simon Fraser University-led study reveals interbreeding between humans and their ancient cousins, Neanderthals, as the likely origin of a neurological condition estimated to impact up to one per ...

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) have become an increasing concern in modern society, particularly over the past century. Historically, our ancestors faced external forces that shaped the evolution of ...

UC San Diego researchers have found high levels of lead in the teeth of both Neanderthals (left) and modern humans (right). However, a gene mutation may have protected modern human brains, allowing ...

Explore the parallels and differences between AI architectures and the human brain's design and functionality in processing ...

Scientists say humans share ancestry with a tiny one eyed creature from 600 million years ago, and remnants of its “cyclops” eye may still exist deep inside our brains.